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March 15, 2019

Can You Have Allergies in the Winter?

The short answer is "yes."

Now here’s the long answer.

When most people talk about “allergy season,” they are referring to the spring when trees and flowers are pollenating. Pollen is just one allergen, even though it tends to get the most attention. Because the increase in pollen—and thus, allergy symptoms—corresponds to a specific time of year, it can be tempting to assume that all allergies happen around the same time.

But they don’t. In fact, there are hundreds of allergens, including animals and dust mites, that aren’t tied to a season or temperature. There’s even a name for this category: year-round allergies. All those things are around pretty much all the time, including the winter. So even though pollen isn’t in the air when colder temperatures hit, there are other things that could trigger allergic symptoms.

Winter allergy symptoms

While there’s no such thing as an allergy to winter, year-round allergies can seem to increase when people start spending more time indoors and in close quarters with furry critters (welcome and unwelcome). Common symptoms for allergies to these triggers include:1

  • Sneezing
  • Runny or stuffy nose
  • Coughing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, wheezing
  • Watery, red, or itchy eyes
  • Skin rash or hives
  • Facial pain (from nasal congestion)

Do those symptoms sound familiar? They are very similar to cold and flu symptoms, which makes it even harder to determine whether you’re allergic to something, or just sick with whatever crud is making the rounds.


What causes allergies in winter?

There are a handful of year-round allergies, but here are the most common ones:

Animal dander

Cockroaches

Dust mites

Rodents

Indoor mold


Is there relief from allergies?

There is no complete cure for respiratory allergies, but there are things you can do to help manage symptoms, regardless of the time of year. This includes something called exposure reduction, which is exactly what it sounds like—reducing exposure to known allergic triggers:

 Animal dander 

  • Confine the pet to a room with a polished floor and furniture you can wipe down
  • Restrict the animal from the bedroom and keep him or her off the furniture
  • Use high-efficiency particulate are (HEPA) filters and vacuum cleaners
  • Wash your pet weekly in warm water and soap
  • Consider rehoming the pet or keeping it outdoors

Cockroaches
  • Wash dishes
  • Vacuum
  • Keep food and garbage in closed containers; take out the garbage regularly
  • Don’t store paper bags, newspapers, or cardboard boxes in your home
  • Place bait traps or call a professional exterminator to eliminate cockroaches
  • Seal plumbing openings, cracks, and crevices   

Dust mites
  • Encase mattresses, pillows, and box springs in allergen-proof coverings
  • Wash bedding weekly in 130-degree F water
  • Vacuum and reduce clutter in the home
  • Wear an appropriate mask while cleaning and avoid area 20 minutes after
  • Change furnace and air conditioner filters
  • Use a dehumidifier to reduce the humidity in your home

Indoor mold
  • Identify and clean moldy areas with fungicide or bleach
  • Use a dehumidifier to reduce humidity in your home
  • Fix water leaks
  • Clean furnace filters, the refrigerator, and the dehumidifier (clean drip pans with bleach)
  • Thoroughly dry clothes before storing

Rodents
  • Seal holes and cracks from the home to the outside
  • Seal passages through interior floors, walls, the ceiling, and gaps between the bottom of cabinetry or built-in furniture and the floor
  • Keep bushes and trees at least three feet from the home
  • Ensure trash is stored in secure containers
  • Store food in rodent-proof containers      

 

Of course, these management techniques work best when paired with proper testing to determine the allergens you are sensitized to. Once you know your allergies, your healthcare provider can work with you to create a tailored plan to help control your symptoms and put you on the path to year-round relief. Blog-End-Cap.png       

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References
  1. “Pet Allergy,” American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. https://acaai.org/allergies/types/pet-allergy. Accessed February 11, 2019.
  2. Discover the connection: Reduce Exposure to Your Allergic Triggers. Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. 2018.