Type:
Whole Allergen
Allergen Encyclopedia
Table of Contents
Whole Allergen
g9 Redtop, Bentgrass
g9 Redtop, Bentgrass Scientific Information
Display Name:
Redtop, Bentgrass
Route of Exposure:
Inhalation
Family:
Poaceae
Species:
Agrostis stolonifera
Latin Name:
Agrostis stolonifera
Other Names:
Creeping bentgrass
Summary
Agrostis stolonifera is a member of the Poaceae family that produces grass pollens. Poaceae family pollen is a leading airborne biological pollutant and the main cause of pollen allergy worldwide. Cross-reactivity between grass pollen protein and fresh fruit pan-allergens is associated with allergies to foods such as beans, peas, cereals, peanut, melon, watermelon, carrot, and celery.
Allergen
Nature
A. stolonifera is a self-pollinating cool season grass species (1).
Poaceae family pollen is a leading airborne biological pollutant and the main cause of pollen allergy worldwide (Garcıa-Mozo, 2017). In Europe, 20% of the population are affected by grass pollen allergy, while 15% of US individuals ate sensitized to grass pollen (2). Marked regional variations of grass pollen sensitization are seen between and within individual countries (2).
Taxonomy
Taxonomic tree of Agrostis stolonifera (3) |
|
Domain |
Eukaryota |
Kingdom |
Plantae |
Phylum |
Spermatophyta |
Subphylum |
Angiospermae |
Class |
Monocotyledonae |
Family |
Poaceae |
Genus |
Agrostis |
Epidemiology
Worldwide distribution
Grass-induced pollinosis is the most common pollen allergy in Europe and worldwide (4). Marked regional variations of grass pollen sensitization are seen between and within individual countries (2); depending on climate and region, global sensitization rates range from 1–30%. In Germany, 14.8% of adults are affected by hay fever (4).
Route of Exposure
Main
Inhalation (1).
Clinical Relevance
Symptoms of grass pollen sensitization include allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and bronchial asthma.
Molecular Aspects
Allergenic molecules
Table adapted from Allergome.org (5).
Allergen |
Type |
Mass (kDa) |
Expansin |
30 |
|
Berberine bridge enzyme |
60 |
|
Ribonuclease |
- |
Grass group 1 and 5 allergens are considered immunodominant major Pooideae pollen allergens (6). Group 1 allergens are the most clinically relevant, followed by group 5 allergens (7).
Cross-reactivity
Cross-reactivity between grass pollen protein and fresh fruit pan-allergens is associated with food allergies (2); foods including beans, peas, cereals, peanut, melon, watermelon, carrot, and celery have been shown to cross react with Poaceae pollen (7).
In addition to cross reactivity among Poaceae species (7), high cross-reactivity is seen between grass and cereal pollen allergens (1).
Compiled By
Author: RubyDuke Communications
Reviewer: Dr. Christian Fischer
Last reviewed:April 2022
References
- Damialis A, Konstantinou GN. Cereal pollen sensitisation in pollen allergic patients: to treat or not to treat? Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;43(2):36-44.
- García-Mozo H. Poaceae pollen as the leading aeroallergen worldwide: A review. Allergy. 2017;72(12):1849-58.
- CABI. Agrostis stolonifera (creeping bentgrass) 2021 [cited 2022 27.01.22]. Available from: https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/3829.
- Jetschni J, Jochner-Oette S. Spatial and Temporal Variations of Airborne Poaceae Pollen along an Urbanization Gradient Assessed by Different Types of Pollen Traps. Atmosphere. 2021;12(8):974.
- allergome.org. AGROSTIS STOLONIFERA 2021 [cited 2022 27.01.22]. Available from: http://www.allergome.org/script/search_step2.php.
- Kleine-Tebbe J, Davies J. Grass pollen allergens. Global atlas of allergy. 2014:22-6.
- Ianovici N. Relation between Poaceae pollen concentrations and meteorological factors during 2000–2010 in Timisoara, Romania. Acta Agrobotanica. 2015;68:373-81.
